CASE STUDY ANALYSIS neurological and musculoskeletal

CASE STUDY ANALYSIS SCENARIOS

Patient is a 24-year-old female administrative assistant who comes to the emergency department with a chief complaint of severe right-sided headache. She states that this is the sixth time in the last 2 months she has had this headache. She says the headaches last 2–3 days and have impacted her ability to concentrate at work. She complains of nausea and has vomited three times in the last 3 hours. She states, “the light hurts my eyes.” She rates her pain as a 10/10 at this time. Ibuprofen and acetaminophen ease her symptoms somewhat but do not totally relieve them. No other current complaints.

 

• McCance, K. L. & Huether, S. E. (2019). Pathophysiology: the biologic basis for disease in adults and children(8th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby/Elsevier.
  • Chapter 15: Structure and Function of the Neurologic System
  • Chapter 16: Pain, Temperature Regulation, Sleep, and Sensory Function (stop at Sleep); Summary Review
  • Chapter 17: Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function (start at Acute confusional states and delirium) (stop at Alterations in neuromotor functions); (Parkinson’s Disease); Summary Review
  • Chapter 18: Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction (stop at Degenerative disorders of the spine); (start at Cerebrovascular disorders) (stop at Tumors of the central nervous system); Summary Review
  • Chapter 44: Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System (stop at Components of muscle function); Summary Review
  • Chapter 45: Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function (stop at Bone tumors); (start at Disorders of joints); Summary Review
  • Chapter 47: Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument (section on Lyme Disease)
• Chin, L. S. (2018). Spinal cord injuries Links to an external site.. Retrieved from https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/793582-overview#a4

 

Case Study Analysis

The patient is experiencing several signs and symptoms such as severe right-sided headaches, and the headaches that have lasted for 2 to 3 days, vomiting, nausea, and photophobia.  These symptoms are caused by migraines. A migraine is a neurological condition that leads to several symptoms (McCance & Huether, 2019). It is often characterized by debilitating and intense headaches. A migraine is mostly accompanied by other symptoms like challenges speaking, vomiting, nausea, light sensitivity, and sound.

Migraines run in the families and they affect people of all ages.  There are certain ethnic or racial variables affecting the physiological functioning. From the scenario. The prevalence of a migraine varies by race. In women, the prevalence of a migraine was higher in Caucasians than in Africans, Asians or Americans. The similar pattern was seen among men. The African Americans were less likely to report vomiting or nausea with their attacks and are most likely to report high levels of the headache (McCance & Huether, 2019). Contrarily, the African Americas have been less disabled. There is no statistical massive difference in the related features between Caucasian migraines and Asian Americans. In the USA, migraine prevalence is the highest among Caucasians then followed by the African Americans and Asian Americans. The differences in the socioeconomic diet, status, and symptom reporting and it can contribute to the differences in the estimated prevalence (Chin, 2008). Migraines are not fully understood by the environmental factors and genetics.

The changes in the brainstem and its interactions with the trigeminal nerve, a major pain pathway can be involved. He imbalances in the brain chemicals and it includes serotonin, and it helps in regulating pain within the nervous system (Chin, 2008). The researchers study the role of serotonin within the migraines. Other neurotransmitters play a vital role in dealing with migraine pain and it includes the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP).

 

References

Chin, L. S. (2018). Spinal cord injuries Links to an external site.. Retrieved from https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/793582-overview#a4

McCance, K. L. & Huether, S. E. (2019). Pathophysiology: the biologic basis for disease in adults and children (8th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Mosby/Elsevier.